Philippines

Editorial cartoon about Jacob Smith's retaliation for Balangiga.

_{At the beginning of the 19th century, the Philippine-American War was billed as a “friendly colonialism,” said UC Riverside professor Dylan Rodríguez, Ph.D '01. This image depicting the Battle of Balangiga, in which thousands of Filipinx civilians were killed by American troops, shows a different narrative. / Public domain image via Wikimedia Commons https://bit.ly/3m7VP5U}

The Afterlife of the American Empire

The Cal Pilipinx community challenges the 'friendly colonialism' narrative.